Impact of fetal growth and preterm birth on the retinal microvasculature in mid-adulthood

Terho Lehtimaki; Hanna Vaahtoranta-Lehtonen; Markus Juonala; Sumangali Wijetunge; Alun D. Hughes; Simon A. McG Thom; Andrew Metha; Robyn J. Tapp; Michael R. Skilton; Nicholas Witt; Nish Chaturvedi; Nina Hurti-Kahonen; Sultana Monira Hussain; Mika Kahonen; Olli T. Raitakari

doi:10.1111/micc.12197

Impact of fetal growth and preterm birth on the retinal microvasculature in mid-adulthood

Terho Lehtimaki, Hanna Vaahtoranta-Lehtonen, Markus Juonala, Sumangali Wijetunge, Alun D. Hughes, Simon A. McG Thom, Andrew Metha, Robyn J. Tapp, Michael R. Skilton, Nicholas Witt, Nish Chaturvedi, Nina Hurti-Kahonen, Sultana Monira Hussain, Mika Kahonen, Olli T. Raitakari

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that preterm birth and being born SGA would be associated with changes in retinal microvascular architecture and that these changes would be more marked among those born preterm. We further hypothesized that these microvascular changes would correlate with early markers of CVD in mid-adulthood. METHODS: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study included randomly selected children from 5 Finnish University cities. Retinal microvascular architecture of participants born preterm, born at term and SGA and a control group born at term and AGA were compared (aged 34-49 years). RESULTS: In participants born preterm, arteriolar tortuosity (×10(2)) was higher-means (standard error), 0.06 (0.01) versus 0.04 (0.01), p = 0.001, arteriolar length (pixels) were greater-644.9 (35.9) versus 591.7 (33.5), p = 0.007 and arteriolar diameters (pixels) were narrower-19.9 (0.4) versus 20.3 (0.3), p = 0.034 compared to participants born AGA, after adjustment. In participants born SGA, only arteriolar tortuosity was higher-0.05 (0.01) versus 0.04 (0.01), p = 0.074 compared to participants born AGA. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that being born SGA and in particular preterm birth are associated with changes in retinal microvascular architecture. The prenatal and immediate postnatal environment may contribute to the mechanisms.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	285-293
Journal	Microcirculation
Volume	22
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/micc.12197
Publication status	Published - May 2015

Bibliographical note

Note: This work was supported by the Academy of Finland [grants 126925, 121584, 124282, 129378 [Salve], 117787 [Gendi], 41071 [Skidi], and 134309 [eye]], the Social Insurance Institution of Finland, the Kuopio, Tampere and Turku University Hospital Medical Funds [grant 9N035], the Juho Vainio Foundation, the Paavo Nurmi Foundation, the Finnish Foundation of Cardiovascular Research, the Tampere Tuberculosis Foundation, the Emil Aaltonen Foundation, the Government of Australia and Monash University.

Keywords

Cardiovascular medicine

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10.1111/micc.12197

http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/micc.12197

Cite this

Lehtimaki, T., Vaahtoranta-Lehtonen, H., Juonala, M., Wijetunge, S., Hughes, A. D., Thom, S. A. M., Metha, A., Tapp, R. J., Skilton, M. R., Witt, N., Chaturvedi, N., Hurti-Kahonen, N., Hussain, S. M., Kahonen, M., & Raitakari, O. T. (2015). Impact of fetal growth and preterm birth on the retinal microvasculature in mid-adulthood. Microcirculation, 22(4), 285-293. https://doi.org/10.1111/micc.12197

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title = "Impact of fetal growth and preterm birth on the retinal microvasculature in mid-adulthood",

abstract = "OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that preterm birth and being born SGA would be associated with changes in retinal microvascular architecture and that these changes would be more marked among those born preterm. We further hypothesized that these microvascular changes would correlate with early markers of CVD in mid-adulthood. METHODS: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study included randomly selected children from 5 Finnish University cities. Retinal microvascular architecture of participants born preterm, born at term and SGA and a control group born at term and AGA were compared (aged 34-49 years). RESULTS: In participants born preterm, arteriolar tortuosity (×10(2)) was higher-means (standard error), 0.06 (0.01) versus 0.04 (0.01), p = 0.001, arteriolar length (pixels) were greater-644.9 (35.9) versus 591.7 (33.5), p = 0.007 and arteriolar diameters (pixels) were narrower-19.9 (0.4) versus 20.3 (0.3), p = 0.034 compared to participants born AGA, after adjustment. In participants born SGA, only arteriolar tortuosity was higher-0.05 (0.01) versus 0.04 (0.01), p = 0.074 compared to participants born AGA. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that being born SGA and in particular preterm birth are associated with changes in retinal microvascular architecture. The prenatal and immediate postnatal environment may contribute to the mechanisms.",

keywords = "Cardiovascular medicine",

author = "Terho Lehtimaki and Hanna Vaahtoranta-Lehtonen and Markus Juonala and Sumangali Wijetunge and Hughes, \{Alun D.\} and Thom, \{Simon A. McG\} and Andrew Metha and Tapp, \{Robyn J.\} and Skilton, \{Michael R.\} and Nicholas Witt and Nish Chaturvedi and Nina Hurti-Kahonen and Hussain, \{Sultana Monira\} and Mika Kahonen and Raitakari, \{Olli T.\}",

note = "Note: This work was supported by the Academy of Finland [grants 126925, 121584, 124282, 129378 [Salve], 117787 [Gendi], 41071 [Skidi], and 134309 [eye]], the Social Insurance Institution of Finland, the Kuopio, Tampere and Turku University Hospital Medical Funds [grant 9N035], the Juho Vainio Foundation, the Paavo Nurmi Foundation, the Finnish Foundation of Cardiovascular Research, the Tampere Tuberculosis Foundation, the Emil Aaltonen Foundation, the Government of Australia and Monash University.",

year = "2015",

month = may,

doi = "10.1111/micc.12197",

language = "English",

volume = "22",

pages = "285--293",

journal = "Microcirculation",

issn = "1073-9688",

publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",

number = "4",

}

Lehtimaki, T, Vaahtoranta-Lehtonen, H, Juonala, M, Wijetunge, S, Hughes, AD, Thom, SAM, Metha, A, Tapp, RJ, Skilton, MR, Witt, N, Chaturvedi, N, Hurti-Kahonen, N, Hussain, SM, Kahonen, M & Raitakari, OT 2015, 'Impact of fetal growth and preterm birth on the retinal microvasculature in mid-adulthood', Microcirculation, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 285-293. https://doi.org/10.1111/micc.12197

TY - JOUR

T1 - Impact of fetal growth and preterm birth on the retinal microvasculature in mid-adulthood

AU - Lehtimaki, Terho

AU - Vaahtoranta-Lehtonen, Hanna

AU - Juonala, Markus

AU - Wijetunge, Sumangali

AU - Hughes, Alun D.

AU - Thom, Simon A. McG

AU - Metha, Andrew

AU - Tapp, Robyn J.

AU - Skilton, Michael R.

AU - Witt, Nicholas

AU - Chaturvedi, Nish

AU - Hurti-Kahonen, Nina

AU - Hussain, Sultana Monira

AU - Kahonen, Mika

AU - Raitakari, Olli T.

N1 - Note: This work was supported by the Academy of Finland [grants 126925, 121584, 124282, 129378 [Salve], 117787 [Gendi], 41071 [Skidi], and 134309 [eye]], the Social Insurance Institution of Finland, the Kuopio, Tampere and Turku University Hospital Medical Funds [grant 9N035], the Juho Vainio Foundation, the Paavo Nurmi Foundation, the Finnish Foundation of Cardiovascular Research, the Tampere Tuberculosis Foundation, the Emil Aaltonen Foundation, the Government of Australia and Monash University.

PY - 2015/5

Y1 - 2015/5

N2 - OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that preterm birth and being born SGA would be associated with changes in retinal microvascular architecture and that these changes would be more marked among those born preterm. We further hypothesized that these microvascular changes would correlate with early markers of CVD in mid-adulthood. METHODS: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study included randomly selected children from 5 Finnish University cities. Retinal microvascular architecture of participants born preterm, born at term and SGA and a control group born at term and AGA were compared (aged 34-49 years). RESULTS: In participants born preterm, arteriolar tortuosity (×10(2)) was higher-means (standard error), 0.06 (0.01) versus 0.04 (0.01), p = 0.001, arteriolar length (pixels) were greater-644.9 (35.9) versus 591.7 (33.5), p = 0.007 and arteriolar diameters (pixels) were narrower-19.9 (0.4) versus 20.3 (0.3), p = 0.034 compared to participants born AGA, after adjustment. In participants born SGA, only arteriolar tortuosity was higher-0.05 (0.01) versus 0.04 (0.01), p = 0.074 compared to participants born AGA. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that being born SGA and in particular preterm birth are associated with changes in retinal microvascular architecture. The prenatal and immediate postnatal environment may contribute to the mechanisms.

AB - OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that preterm birth and being born SGA would be associated with changes in retinal microvascular architecture and that these changes would be more marked among those born preterm. We further hypothesized that these microvascular changes would correlate with early markers of CVD in mid-adulthood. METHODS: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study included randomly selected children from 5 Finnish University cities. Retinal microvascular architecture of participants born preterm, born at term and SGA and a control group born at term and AGA were compared (aged 34-49 years). RESULTS: In participants born preterm, arteriolar tortuosity (×10(2)) was higher-means (standard error), 0.06 (0.01) versus 0.04 (0.01), p = 0.001, arteriolar length (pixels) were greater-644.9 (35.9) versus 591.7 (33.5), p = 0.007 and arteriolar diameters (pixels) were narrower-19.9 (0.4) versus 20.3 (0.3), p = 0.034 compared to participants born AGA, after adjustment. In participants born SGA, only arteriolar tortuosity was higher-0.05 (0.01) versus 0.04 (0.01), p = 0.074 compared to participants born AGA. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that being born SGA and in particular preterm birth are associated with changes in retinal microvascular architecture. The prenatal and immediate postnatal environment may contribute to the mechanisms.

KW - Cardiovascular medicine

UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/micc.12197/epdf

U2 - 10.1111/micc.12197

DO - 10.1111/micc.12197

M3 - Article

C2 - 25731939

SN - 1073-9688

VL - 22

SP - 285

EP - 293

JO - Microcirculation

JF - Microcirculation

IS - 4

ER -

Impact of fetal growth and preterm birth on the retinal microvasculature in mid-adulthood

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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