Improving the effectiveness of hybrid shear walls

Zainab El Kashik; Ted Donchev; Diana Petkova; Konstantinos Poutos; Joseph Rizzuto

doi:10.1007/978-3-032-09399-8_180

Improving the effectiveness of hybrid shear walls

Kingston University

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

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Abstract

Developing structural elements' performance to resist seismic loading is one of the critical aspects towards the reduction of the impact of earthquake damages. The incorporation of steel infill plate shear walls into building design has been carried out for over four decades. Traditional shear walls resist reasonably well seismic forces, but they are not always sufficiently optimised to become practical, effective and economical solutions. Therefore, hybrid shear walls were designed using Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) materials attached to the thin steel infill plates of shear walls, allowing an increase in structural stiffness, higher ultimate load and a high level of energy dissipation. This paper identifies the relevant factors and provides an overview of different approaches to enhance the performance of hybrid steel shear walls by evaluating the factors influencing the optimisation of the performance and improving the balance of the load-bearing characteristics between infill plates and steel frames. The proposed paper aims to identify the best way to develop a shear wall system further with a thin hybrid infill plate. The work focuses on obtaining experimental results with optimised characteristics of the infill plates and analysing them with a comparison with the achievements of other authors.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	12th International Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering, CICE 2025 - Volume 1
Editors	João R. Correia, José Gonilha, João Firmo, Mário Garrido, Susana Cabral-Fonseca
Place of Publication	Cham, Switzerland
Publisher	Springer Cham
Pages	1896-1903
Number of pages	8
ISBN (Electronic)	9783032093998
ISBN (Print)	9783032093981
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-09399-8_180
Publication status	Published - 10 Feb 2026
Event	12th International Conference on Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites in Civil Engineering - University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal Duration: 14 Jul 2025 → 16 Jul 2025 https://cice2025.org/

Publication series

Name	Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering
Publisher	Springer
ISSN (Print)	2366-2557
ISSN (Electronic)	2366-2565

Conference

Conference	12th International Conference on Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites in Civil Engineering
Abbreviated title	CICE 2025
Country/Territory	Portugal
City	Lisbon
Period	14/07/25 → 16/07/25
Internet address	https://cice2025.org/

Keywords

Cyclic loading
Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP)
Hybrid Shear Walls (HSW)
Seismic design
Steel Shear Walls (SSW)
Thin wall infill plate

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El-Kashik-Z-49171803-AAM
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Cite this

El Kashik, Z., Donchev, T., Petkova, D., Poutos, K., & Rizzuto, J. (2026). Improving the effectiveness of hybrid shear walls. In J. R. Correia, J. Gonilha, J. Firmo, M. Garrido, & S. Cabral-Fonseca (Eds.), 12th International Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering, CICE 2025 - Volume 1 (pp. 1896-1903). (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering). Springer Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-09399-8_180

El Kashik, Zainab ; Donchev, Ted ; Petkova, Diana et al. / Improving the effectiveness of hybrid shear walls. 12th International Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering, CICE 2025 - Volume 1. editor / João R. Correia ; José Gonilha ; João Firmo ; Mário Garrido ; Susana Cabral-Fonseca. Cham, Switzerland : Springer Cham, 2026. pp. 1896-1903 (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering).

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title = "Improving the effectiveness of hybrid shear walls",

abstract = "Developing structural elements' performance to resist seismic loading is one of the critical aspects towards the reduction of the impact of earthquake damages. The incorporation of steel infill plate shear walls into building design has been carried out for over four decades. Traditional shear walls resist reasonably well seismic forces, but they are not always sufficiently optimised to become practical, effective and economical solutions. Therefore, hybrid shear walls were designed using Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) materials attached to the thin steel infill plates of shear walls, allowing an increase in structural stiffness, higher ultimate load and a high level of energy dissipation. This paper identifies the relevant factors and provides an overview of different approaches to enhance the performance of hybrid steel shear walls by evaluating the factors influencing the optimisation of the performance and improving the balance of the load-bearing characteristics between infill plates and steel frames. The proposed paper aims to identify the best way to develop a shear wall system further with a thin hybrid infill plate. The work focuses on obtaining experimental results with optimised characteristics of the infill plates and analysing them with a comparison with the achievements of other authors.",

keywords = "Cyclic loading, Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP), Hybrid Shear Walls (HSW), Seismic design, Steel Shear Walls (SSW), Thin wall infill plate",

author = "\{El Kashik\}, Zainab and Ted Donchev and Diana Petkova and Konstantinos Poutos and Joseph Rizzuto",

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booktitle = "12th International Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering, CICE 2025 - Volume 1",

note = "12th International Conference on Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites in Civil Engineering, CICE 2025 ; Conference date: 14-07-2025 Through 16-07-2025",

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El Kashik, Z, Donchev, T , Petkova, D , Poutos, K & Rizzuto, J 2026, Improving the effectiveness of hybrid shear walls. in JR Correia, J Gonilha, J Firmo, M Garrido & S Cabral-Fonseca (eds), 12th International Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering, CICE 2025 - Volume 1. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Cham, Cham, Switzerland, pp. 1896-1903, 12th International Conference on Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites in Civil Engineering, Lisbon, Portugal, 14/07/25. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-09399-8_180

Improving the effectiveness of hybrid shear walls. / El Kashik, Zainab; Donchev, Ted ; Petkova, Diana et al.
12th International Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering, CICE 2025 - Volume 1. ed. / João R. Correia; José Gonilha; João Firmo; Mário Garrido; Susana Cabral-Fonseca. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Cham, 2026. p. 1896-1903 (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - Improving the effectiveness of hybrid shear walls

AU - El Kashik, Zainab

AU - Donchev, Ted

AU - Petkova, Diana

AU - Poutos, Konstantinos

AU - Rizzuto, Joseph

PY - 2026/2/10

Y1 - 2026/2/10

N2 - Developing structural elements' performance to resist seismic loading is one of the critical aspects towards the reduction of the impact of earthquake damages. The incorporation of steel infill plate shear walls into building design has been carried out for over four decades. Traditional shear walls resist reasonably well seismic forces, but they are not always sufficiently optimised to become practical, effective and economical solutions. Therefore, hybrid shear walls were designed using Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) materials attached to the thin steel infill plates of shear walls, allowing an increase in structural stiffness, higher ultimate load and a high level of energy dissipation. This paper identifies the relevant factors and provides an overview of different approaches to enhance the performance of hybrid steel shear walls by evaluating the factors influencing the optimisation of the performance and improving the balance of the load-bearing characteristics between infill plates and steel frames. The proposed paper aims to identify the best way to develop a shear wall system further with a thin hybrid infill plate. The work focuses on obtaining experimental results with optimised characteristics of the infill plates and analysing them with a comparison with the achievements of other authors.

AB - Developing structural elements' performance to resist seismic loading is one of the critical aspects towards the reduction of the impact of earthquake damages. The incorporation of steel infill plate shear walls into building design has been carried out for over four decades. Traditional shear walls resist reasonably well seismic forces, but they are not always sufficiently optimised to become practical, effective and economical solutions. Therefore, hybrid shear walls were designed using Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) materials attached to the thin steel infill plates of shear walls, allowing an increase in structural stiffness, higher ultimate load and a high level of energy dissipation. This paper identifies the relevant factors and provides an overview of different approaches to enhance the performance of hybrid steel shear walls by evaluating the factors influencing the optimisation of the performance and improving the balance of the load-bearing characteristics between infill plates and steel frames. The proposed paper aims to identify the best way to develop a shear wall system further with a thin hybrid infill plate. The work focuses on obtaining experimental results with optimised characteristics of the infill plates and analysing them with a comparison with the achievements of other authors.

KW - Cyclic loading

KW - Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP)

KW - Hybrid Shear Walls (HSW)

KW - Seismic design

KW - Steel Shear Walls (SSW)

KW - Thin wall infill plate

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DO - 10.1007/978-3-032-09399-8_180

M3 - Conference contribution

SN - 9783032093981

T3 - Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering

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EP - 1903

BT - 12th International Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering, CICE 2025 - Volume 1

A2 - Correia, João R.

A2 - Gonilha, José

A2 - Firmo, João

A2 - Garrido, Mário

A2 - Cabral-Fonseca, Susana

PB - Springer Cham

CY - Cham, Switzerland

T2 - 12th International Conference on Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites in Civil Engineering

Y2 - 14 July 2025 through 16 July 2025

ER -

El Kashik Z, Donchev T , Petkova D , Poutos K , Rizzuto J. Improving the effectiveness of hybrid shear walls. In Correia JR, Gonilha J, Firmo J, Garrido M, Cabral-Fonseca S, editors, 12th International Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering, CICE 2025 - Volume 1. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Cham. 2026. p. 1896-1903. (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering). doi: 10.1007/978-3-032-09399-8_180

Improving the effectiveness of hybrid shear walls

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Keywords

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