The use of emotions in narratives in Williams syndrome.

Although individuals with Williams syndrome are very sociable, they tend to have limited contact and friendships with peers. In typically developing children the use of positive emotions (e.g., happy) has been argued to be related to peer relationships and popularity. The current study investigated the use and development of emotion words in Williams syndrome using cross-sectional developmental trajectories and examined children's use of different types of emotion words. Nineteen children with Williams syndrome (WS) and 20 typically developing (TD) children matched for chronological age told a story from a wordless picture book. Participants with WS produced a similar number of emotion words compared to the control group and the use of emotion words did not change when plotted against chronological age or vocabulary abilities in either group. However, participants with WS produced more emotion words about sadness. Links between emotion production and friendships as well as future studies are discussed. Learning outcomes: This study provides further insight into the development of emotion production, distinguishing for the first time the production of both positive and negative emotions, in children with a rare developmental disorder, named Williams syndrome. Readers will learn that emotion production is atypical in this population. The implications for social development and peer relationships, as well as future studies are discussed.